Ordering by field
Particle spacing as something you can set
Particles land wherever the flow leaves them when a film is coated. A magnetic field puts energy back into the film and lets them find a spacing of their own — without stopping the substrate.
Microstructure
An external field reorganizes the particle microstructure
Under the field the particle dipoles align: in a monolayer they repel into an even in-plane spacing, while in a multilayer they attract into chains along the field.
Continuous coating
Direct control of particle spacing in a continuous process
Reported routes reach remarkable uniformity but stay batch. We wrap a blade-coated film in a pair of electromagnets so the field rearranges the particles while the substrate keeps moving.
Scaling
Dimensionless parameters play distinct roles in each step
Mt gates whether field-assisted dynamics happen at all; Boₘ and Γ decide whether clustered particles redisperse and set the timing of capillary aggregation.
