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Where it all starts

To coat is to lay a liquid layer — then make it a film

Battery electrodes, MLCCs, fuel-cell layers, and functional films are all made the same way: a thin liquid layer is placed on a moving substrate and turned into a solid film. Everything else we study rests on how well that single step is understood.

Introduction

Introduction to the coating process

Introduction to the coating process

Principles

Principles behind thin-film formation

Principles behind thin-film formation

Continuous Coating

Continuous liquid coating process

Like other chemical processes, the coating process consists of numerous unit operations.

A typical roll-to-roll process

Key Issues

Key issues in the film formation process

Key issues in the film formation process